People and Society

Population
104,799,174 (2023 est.)

country comparison to the world: 16

Currency: Vietnamese Đồng

Area
Total: 331,212 km2

Nationality
noun: Vietnamese (singular and plural)

adjective: Vietnamese

Ethnic groups
Kinh (Viet) 85.3%, Tay 1.9%, Thai 1.9%, Muong 1.5%, Khmer 1.4%, Mong 1.4%, Nung 1.1%, other 5.5% (2019 est.)

note: 54 ethnic groups are recognized by the Vietnamese Government

Languages
Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer, mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)

Economy

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$1.036 trillion (2021 est.)

$1.01 trillion (2020 est.)

$981.903 billion (2019 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars

country comparison to the world: 26
Real GDP growth rate
2.56% (2021 est.)

2.87% (2020 est.)

7.36% (2019 est.)

country comparison to the world: 153
Real GDP per capita
$10,600 (2021 est.)

$10,500 (2020 est.)

$10,300 (2019 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars

country comparison to the world: 141
GDP (official exchange rate)
$259.957 billion (2019 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)
1.83% (2021 est.)

3.22% (2020 est.)

2.8% (2019 est.)

country comparison to the world: 64
Credit ratings
Fitch rating: BB (2018)

Moody’s rating: Ba3 (2018)

Standard & Poors rating: BB (2019)

note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained.

GDP – composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 15.3% (2017 est.)

industry: 33.3% (2017 est.)

services: 51.3% (2017 est.)

GDP – composition, by end-use
household consumption: 66.9% (2017 est.)

government consumption: 6.5% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 24.2% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories: 2.8% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services: 100% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services: -101% (2017 est.)

Labor force
56.203 million (2021 est.)

country comparison to the world: 12

Exports
$339.984 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$290.229 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$280.826 billion (2019 est.)

country comparison to the world: 23
Exports – partners
United States 23%, China 14%, Japan 8%, South Korea 7% (2019)

Exports – commodities
broadcasting equipment, telephones, integrated circuits, footwear, furniture (2019)

Imports
$338.021 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$269.808 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$261.683 billion (2019 est.)

country comparison to the world: 21
Imports – partners
China 35%, South Korea 18%, Japan 6% (2019)

Imports – commodities
integrated circuits, telephones, refined petroleum, textiles, semiconductors (2019)